The Energy Transition in Bermuda

Bermuda’s energy transition reflects a clear national strategy to reduce fossil fuel reliance and advance renewable energy adoption, with a strong focus on energy security and climate resilience. The island’s energy mix remains dominated by imported petroleum products, but the Bermuda Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) sets out targets to achieve 85% renewable electricity generation by 2035, prioritising solar PV, offshore wind, and battery storage technologies. Bermuda’s regulatory environment, led by the Regulatory Authority of Bermuda, encourages private sector participation and innovation in clean energy solutions. There is no domestic production of critical minerals, with full dependency on imports for key inputs such as lithium, cobalt, and rare earth elements necessary for renewable technologies and storage systems. Bermuda’s offshore Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) presents potential for marine-based renewable energy, particularly offshore wind, though seabed mineral resource development is not currently active. Key challenges include high infrastructure costs, hurricane vulnerability, and grid stability, while opportunities lie in climate finance access, offshore energy innovation, and the island’s strong policy direction. Bermuda’s clear regulatory framework, ambitious renewable targets, and commitment to energy resilience position it as a leading island jurisdiction for clean energy transition and sustainable development.