The Energy Transition in Belize

Belize’s energy transition is shaped by its ambition to reduce fossil fuel dependency and strengthen energy security through renewable energy development and regional cooperation. The country’s current energy mix remains heavily reliant on imported petroleum, though hydropower, biomass, and an expanding solar PV sector contribute to domestic generation. The National Energy Policy Framework and the Sustainable Energy Roadmap for Belize 2017–2030 outline government commitments to diversify the energy matrix, promote efficiency, and support rural electrification. Belize benefits from regional interconnection through the Belize Electricity Limited (BEL) grid, which links to Mexico’s CFE, providing additional energy security. Critical minerals exploration and production are currently absent, with full reliance on imports for materials vital to renewable energy systems, such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and rare earth elements. Investment in renewable infrastructure, including solar and energy storage, has attracted support from development partners like the Caribbean Development Bank and international donors. While challenges include financing constraints, natural disaster risks, and grid stability across dispersed communities, opportunities exist in scaling renewables, improving regulatory frameworks, and enhancing resilience through regional partnerships and climate finance mechanisms. Belize’s renewable energy ambitions and regional grid connectivity offer a solid foundation for advancing its energy transition. Continued focus on policy implementation, investment mobilisation, and resilient infrastructure will be key to achieving sustainable growth and energy independence.